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Zinc Deficiency Causes Oxidative Damage to Proteins, Lipids and DNA in Rat Testes^1,2,3,

Patricia I. Oteiza, Katherine L. Olin^*, Cesar G. Fraga and Carl L. Keen^*,,4

Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1113-Buenos Aires, Argentina ^* Departments of Nutrition Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis CA 95616

To investigate the effects of zinc deficiency on oxidative damage to testes proteins, lipids and DNA, weanling male rats were allowed free access to low (0.5 µg Zn/g) or adequate (25 µg Zn/g) zinc diets for 14 d. A third group was restricted intake of the adequate Zn diet to the amount consumed by the low Zn diet-fed group. Compared with ad libitum-fed controls, testes from rats fed the low zinc diet had lower glutamine synthetase activity, lower Fe²⁺-stimulated 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) production, higher protein carbonyl concentrations (P < 0.05), and higher 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels (P = 0.06). Glutamine synthetase activity in testes of the food-restricted controls was between the values for the ad libitum controls and zinc-deficient animals. Protein carbonyls were higher in the restricted controls compared with the ad libitum controls, whereas stimulated TBARS production was lower (P < 0.05). Levels of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine were lower in testes DNA of the restricted controls than in the zinc-deficient group (P < 0.05). Testes iron concentrations were higher in the zinc-deficient and restricted control rats than in ad libitum controls (P < 0.05). The oxidative damage observed may have occurred as a consequence of increased reactive oxygen species generation secondary to tissue iron accumulation and/or reductions in zinc-dependent antioxidant processes.

KEY WORDS: • reactive oxygen species • zinc deficiency • oxidative damage • lipid peroxidation • rats

¹ Presented in part in poster form at the XV International Congress of Nutrition [Oteiza, P. I., Olin, K. & Keen, C. L. (1993) Oxidative damage to proteins in zinc (Zn) deficiency]. Adelaide, Australia.

² Supported by National Institutes of Health grant HD01743 and AA05347. Patricia I. Oteiza is a recipient of a Biotechnology Career Fellowship from the Rockefeller Foundation.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 15 April 1994. Revision accepted 21 September 1994.

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