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Cholesterol Synthesis and Absorption by ²H₂O and ¹⁸O-Cholesterol and Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Soy Protein^1,2,

U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030

The kinetic behavior of orally ingested ¹⁸O-cholesterol was compared with that of orally ingested ¹³C₅-cholesterol in two normocholesterolemic men and the hypocholesterolemic effect of soy protein was demonstrated in 12 hypercholesterolemic men. Our results indicated no difference in the metabolism of orally ingested ¹⁸O- and ¹³C₅-cholesterol. The use of ¹⁸O-cholesterol and ¹³C₅-cholesterol also allowed simultaneous estimation of fractional rates of cholesterol synthesis using the ²H₂O method, which were calculated to be 5.76 and 8.17%/d for the two normocholesterolemic subjects. The percent reduction in plasma cholesterol levels was found to be greater when the hypercholesterolemic men were placed on a soy protein diet than on an animal protein diet.

KEY WORDS: • cholesterol • synthesis • absorption • human • stable isotopes • hypocholesterolemia • soy protein

¹ Presented at the First International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease, held in Mesa, AZ, February 20–23, 1994. The symposium was sponsored by Protein Technologies International, the soybean growers from Nebraska, Indiana, and Iowa and the United Soybean Board. Guest editors for this symposium were Mark Messina, 1543 Lincoln Street, Port Townsend, WA 98368, and John W. Erdman, Jr., Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801-3852.

² This work is a publication of the United Soybean Board and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. This project has been funded in part with funds from the United Soybean Board and from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-1-003. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the United Soybean Board, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government or the United Soybean Board.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed: USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030.