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Classical Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase Expression Is Decreased Secondary to Iron Deficiency in Rats^1,2,3,

Patrick M. Moriarty^*, Mary Frances Picciano^*,,4, John L. Beard^*,, and C. Channa Reddy^*,,

^* Graduate Program in Nutrition Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Development Department of Veterinary Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

While there are reports that classical selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPX1) activity is decreased during iron deficiency, the relationship between tissue iron status and Se-GPX1 activity remains speculative. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism for the decrease in Se-GPX1 activity during iron deficiency. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were given free access to either an iron-deficient or an iron-adequate diet for eight weeks, after which blood, livers, kidneys, hearts, brains and testes were surgically excised. During iron deficiency, Se-GPX1 mRNA levels in liver tissue were decreased by approximately 55%. Similarly, the concentration of immunoreactive Se-GPX1 protein and total selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPX) activity were decreased by 55% and 60%, respectively. In kidney, heart and brain total Se-GPX activities were depressed as much as 33%. Selenium concentration in liver was reduced by 42%, whereas the decrease in Se concentrations in kidney, heart, and brain ranged from 17 to 25%. Concentrations of plasma Se also were reduced by 18%, but testes showed little change in either Se-GPX activity or Se concentration during iron deficiency. Results suggest that the synthesis of Se-GPX1 protein is decreased during iron deficiency possibly due to pretranslational regulation.

KEY WORDS: • iron deficiency • glutathione peroxidase • selenium • rats • gene expression

¹ A preliminary report of these experiments was presented at Experimental Biology 93, March 23–30, 1993, New Orleans, LA [Moriarty, P. M., Picciano, M. F., Beard, J. & Reddy, C. C. (1993) Iron deficiency decreases Se-GPX mRNA level in the liver and impairs Se utilization in other tissues. FASEB J. A277 (abs.)].

² Supported in part by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and NICHHD grant 18689.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 11 February 1994. Revision accepted 21 July 1994.

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