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The Positional Distribution of Fatty Acids in Palm Oil and Lard Influences Their Biologic Effects in Rats^1,2,

INSERM Unit 63, Lyon-Bron, 69500 France ^* DANONE, Athis-Mons, France

Dietary fatty acids in the sn-2 position are preferentially absorbed as monoacylglycerols. To determine whether they also have more important biologic effects, rats were fed for 2 and 4 mo a purified diet containing native palm oil, interesterified palm oil, native lard or interesterified lard. Interesterification that increased or decreased the level of fatty acids in position 2 depending on the fat, resulted in significant corresponding changes in the fecal excretion of saturated fatty acids. Fecal excretion of saturated fatty acids was associated with significant changes in some plasma fatty acids. Interesterification in lard resulted in significantly lower plasma triglycerides, and in palm oil, increased platelet aggregation induced by ADP. Lipemia, platelet aggregation and associated plasma fatty acids (palmitic, heneicosanoic and docosahexaenoic acids) were significantly affected only by dietary fatty acids at the sn-2 position. Even without changes in absorption, only linoleic acid in position 2 was correlated with the plasma concentration of the corresponding longer chain arachidonic acid. These results in rats confirm that the fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated) in position 2 of dietary triglycerides play a crucial role in the metabolism and biologic effects of these fatty acids.

KEY WORDS: • fatty acids • lipemia • rats • sn-2 position • platelet aggregation

¹ Supported by BSN, the Societé Industrielle des Oléagineux (through the courtesy of R. Duterte) and by a grant (no. 91.G 0477, Aliments 2000) from the Ministry of Research.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed at: INSERM, UNIT 63, 22 avenue du Doyen Lepine, Case 18, 69675 Bron Cedex, France.

Manuscript received 31 December 1993. Revision accepted 19 July 1994.

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