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Simultaneous Dietary Supplementation of Sodium Cholate and Beta-Carotene Markedly Enhances Accumulation of Beta-Carotene in Mice^1,2,

Keizo Umegaki^*,3, Mari Aoshima, Saishi Hirota, Hiromi Uramoto^* and Takatoshi Esashi^*

^* Division of Applied Food Research, The National Institute of Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252, Japan

This study evaluated whether simultaneous supplementation of sodium cholate and beta-carotene to a diet enhanced the accumulation of beta-carotene in mice. For 2 wk, male ICR mice were fed either a basal diet or a diet containing Dunallellabardawil beta-carotene 50 mg/100 g that was or was not supplemented with sodium cholate (0.25 g/100 g). The concentrations of beta-carotene in liver and plasma were 5 and 10 times higher, respectively, in the mice fed the beta-carotene diet with sodium cholate than in those fed the beta-carotene diet without sodium cholate. Beta-carotene was not detectable in the liver or plasma of mice fed either basal diet. The concentrations of vitamin E in the plasma and liver of mice fed either beta-carotene diet or the basal diet with sodium cholate were significantly lower than in those fed the basal diet. In a second study, mice were fed a diet containing 50 mg/100 g synthetic beta-carotene supplemented with various concentrations of sodium cholate (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 g/100 g) for 2 wk. The concentrations of beta-carotene and vitamin E in plasma, liver and bone marrow cells were higher in mice fed the beta-carotene diet supplemented with 0.05 g/100 g of sodium cholate than in those fed the unsupplemented diet. These findings show that simultaneous supplementation of sodium cholate and beta-carotene to a diet markedly enhances the accumulation of beta-carotene. This dietary protocol may be useful to introduce a high amount of beta-carotene in the tissue of mice in a short period of time.

KEY WORDS: • beta-carotene • vitamin E • sodium cholate • accumulation • mice

¹ Supported by a Research Grant of Radiation Protection, Japanese Agency of Science and Technology, and by a grant-in-aid for Fundamental Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (07680074).

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 17 April 1995. Revision accepted 8 August 1995.