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Combined Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) Treatment is More Effective than GH or IGF-I Alone at Enhancing Recovery from Neonatal Malnutrition in Rats^1,2,3,

Division of Foods and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801

The effect of hormonal therapy on enhancing recovery from neonatal malnutrition was assessed in rats. Malnutrition was induced by maternal food restriction (60% control intake) during lactation. On d 16 postpartum, restricted pups were refed by cross-fostering to control dams and were subcutaneously administered growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), GH + IGF-I or saline. At d 21, pups were weaned and continued hormonal treatments until d 39 postpartum. By d 39, body weight of GH (96% control) and GH + IGF-I- (98%) treated animals were normal, whereas IGF-I (88%) and saline- (85%) treated animals were still stunted. Hormone effectiveness was age dependent, with growth rates of GH + IGF-I-, IGF-I- and GH-treated pups being greatest between d 16 and 30, d 16 and 21 and after d 30, respectively. Protein accretion by d 39 was higher (P < 0.01) in GH and GH + IGF-I groups than saline- or IGF-I-treated groups. On d 39, serum IGF-I concentrations were as follows: GH + IGF-I > IGF-I > GH = saline (placebo), indicating that an elevated serum IGF-I was not required for GH-stimulated growth. Of the three hormonal treatments, GH + IGF-I therapy was most efficacious at promoting rapid and complete body weight recovery and supporting lean body mass accretion.

KEY WORDS: • insulin-like growth factor • growth hormone • rats • protein energy malnutrition

¹ An abstract of this work (Zhao, X., Donovan, S. M. (1994) Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) enhance recovery from neonatal malnutrition. The FASEB J. 8: A424) was chosen as a finalist for presentation in the Proctor and Gamble Graduate Student Competition held at the 1994 Experimental Biology meeting, Anaheim, CA.

² Supported by funding from the University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station and a Future Leader Award from the International Life Sciences Institute-Nutrition Foundation to S. M. D.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 15 December 1994. Revision accepted 12 July 1995.