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Endogenous Amino Nitrogen Collected from Pigs with End-to-End Ileorectal Anastomosis is Affected by the Method of Estimation and Altered by Dietary Fiber^1,2,3,

INRA, Station de Recherches Porcines Saint-Gilles, 35590 L'Hermitage, France

Endogenous protein loss at the end of the small intestine was determined in two experiments using 10 pigs surgically prepared with end-to-end ileo-rectal anastomosis to allow total collection of ileal digesta. In the first experiment pigs were fed graded protein levels of 0 (protein-free), 55, 110 or 165 g/kg diet. Optimal durations for the adaptation and collection periods were found to be 4 and 3 d, respectively (combination 4:3), as shown by the higher correlation coefficient (r² = 0.95) between excreted and ingested nitrogen compared with the other combinations tested (5:2, 5:3, 9:3, 9:5). The estimated amounts of endogenous N and amino acids were less accurate and tended to be smaller (P < 0.20) when obtained by extrapolation to zero nitrogen intake than when measured in pigs fed the protein-free diet. The endogenous protein was rich in proline, glutamic acid, glycine, aspartic acid, serine and threonine. In comparison to other amino acid patterns, this composition suggested a low bacterial contamination of the digesta. In the second experiment three levels of dietary fiber from wheat straw, corn cobs and wood cellulose were studied in pigs fed protein-free diets. Between 17 and 34 g crude fiber/kg diet, fiber increased the endogenous losses of nitrogen and amino acids per kilogram of dry matter intake (P < 0.05), but the excretion reached a plateau at higher dietary fiber concentration (102 g/kg). In contrast, glucosamine and galactosamine excretion increased continuously and linearly (P < 0.05) with fiber intake. We conclude that endogenous amino acid loss may be considered constant at usual and high levels of the fibrous mixture under study.

KEY WORDS: • amino acids • pigs • amino sugars • small intestine • endogenous nitrogen

¹ Reported in part at the annual Journées de la Recherche Porcine en France meeting. February 1990, Paris, France [Mariscal-Landín, G., Lebreton, Y. & Sève, B. (1990) Measurement of the excretion of endogenous amino acids in the ileal digesta of pigs according to two methods (in French). Journées Rech. Porcine en France 22: 215–222].

² Supported by Ralston Purina France (J. Van Eys) and Europe (J. Radisson).

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ Current address: Institute Nacional de Investigaciones Fore-stales y Agropecuarias, C. E. "La Posta," Apartado Postal 20, Boca del Rio, Veracruz, 94290 Mexico.

⁵ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 31 December 1993. Revision accepted 1 July 1994.

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