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Fatty Acid Activation of the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor, a Member of the Nuclear Receptor Gene Superfamily^1,2,

Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute and Centre for Biotechnology, Huddinge University Hospital, Novum, S-14186 Huddinge, Sweden ^* Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Biochemical Section, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.

The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor is a member of the steroid receptor gene superfamily, sharing amino acid sequence homology with other receptors and also showing similarities at the level of gene structure. This receptor is activated both by xenobiotic compounds that induce peroxisome proliferation and by fatty acids at physiological concentrations. Upon activation the receptor mediates transcription of responsive genes through binding to peroxisome proliferator response elements. These genes include those encoding peroxisomal enzymes and members of the cytochrome P450 family of drug metabolizing enzymes. It is therefore possible that the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor may play a crucial role in regulating lipid homeostasis.

KEY WORDS: • peroxisome proliferator • fatty acids • nuclear receptor • cytochrome P450 • gene expression

¹ This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (No. 13x-2819) and the Swedish Cancer Society.

² Presented as part of the symposium "Dietary Fat and Gene Expression." given at the Experimental Biology '93 meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 28 – April 1, 1993. The symposium was sponsored by the American Institute of Nutrition and the American Society for Clinical Nutrition. The guest editor for this symposium was Willard J. Visek, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

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