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Dietary Psyllium Hydrocolloid and Pectin Increase Bile Acid Pool Size and Change Bile Acid Composition in Rats^{1, 2, 3,}

Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907

Bile acid composition, synthetic rate and pool size were determined in rats fed diets containing 5 g cellulose, 5 g pectin or 5 g psyllium hydrocolloid/100 g diet using the washout technique. Bile acid pool sizes were similar for pectin- and psyllium-fed rats, and both were higher than the pool size for rats fed cellulose (5.48 ± 1.22, 4.70 ± 0.71 and 1.77 ± 0.41 µmol/100 g body wt, respectively). Bile acid secretion rates showed a similar pattern [1730 ± 496, 1551 ± 252 and 572 ± 88 nmol/(h·100 g body wt)], as did basal synthetic rates [129 ± 25, 126 ± 42 and 87 ± 18 pmol/(h·100 g body wt)]. Individual and total bile acid pool sizes were generally higher in animals fed the pectin- or psyllium-supplemented diet compared with rats fed cellulose. Pectin or psyllium consumption resulted in a lower hydrophobicity of the bile acid pool and a lower ratio of circulating 12-hydroxylated to non-12-hydroxylated bile acids compared with cellulose consumption. This reduced hydrophobicity has been shown to reduce feedback inhibition of bile acid synthesis and may be responsible for the larger bile acid pool size. Changes in the location of reabsorption of bile acids may also be responsible for changes in the pool size and composition. These changes are characteristic of greater sterol excretion.

KEY WORDS: • rats • bile acids • pectin • enterohepatic circulation • psyllium hydrocolloid

¹ These data were presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, March 17, 1989, New Orleans, LA [Matheson, H. B. & Story, J. A. (1989) Dietary modification of bile acid pool size and composition by cellulose, psyllium and pectin. FASEB J. 2: A1068 (abs.)].

² Supported in part by the Indiana Agricultural Experiment Station (paper no. 13,894), American Institute for Cancer Research (86A-25), and the Procter and Gamble Company.

³ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

⁴ Current address: Department of Medical Nutrition, Huddinge University Hospital F60, NOVUM, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.

⁵ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 4 August 1993. Revision accepted 24 February 1994.

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