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Dietary Carbohydrates Modify Azoxymethane-Induced Intestinal Carcinogenesis in Rats^1,2,

Giovanna Caderni³, Cristina Luceri, Teresa Spagnesi, Augusto Giannini^*, Annibale Biggeri and Piero Dolara

Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale G. B. Morgagni 65, 50134 Florence, Italy ^* Institute of Anatomical Pathology, University of Florence, Viale G. B. Morgagni, 50134 Florence, Italy and USL 10/H, Antella, Florence, Italy Department of Statistics, University of Florence, Viale G. B. Morgagni 59, 50134 Florence, Italy

The effect of different dietary carbohydrates (sucrose, cornstarch and high amylose cornstarch) on intestinal carcinogenesis was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats treated subcutaneously with azoxymethane (AOM) at a weekly dose of 8 mg/kg body wt for 8 wk. The diets, high in fat and low in calcium and fiber, were fed during and after AOM treatment. The number of colonic adenomas per rat in the groups fed either starch was lower (P < 0.05) than the number in the sucrose-fed rats [1.06 ± 0.38, 0.30 ± 0.10 and 0.41 ± 0.22 (means ± SEM), in the sucrose-, cornstarch- and high amylose cornstarch-fed groups, respectively]. The incidence of total intestinal tumors (adenomas + adenocarcinomas) was not affected by dietary treatment. However, the incidence of tumors in the small intestine of the rats fed the two cornstarch diets tended to be slightly lower than for rats fed the sucrose diet (P = 0.075). Adenoma dysplasia and adenocarcinoma differentiation were similar among the rats fed the three diets. However, the adenocarcinomas in the rats fed the cornstarch diet were significantly smaller than those in the rats fed sucrose [0.99 ± 0.14 cm² (n = 13), 0.56 ± 0.14 cm² (n = 13) and 0.55 ± 0.17 cm² (n = 9) in rats fed the sucrose, cornstarch and high amylose starch diets, respectively]. Moreover, in the rats fed the cornstarch diet, the adenocarcinomas showed lower invasive potential than those in rats fed the sucrose diet. The results suggest an overall inhibition of AOM-induced carcinogenesis in rats fed the cornstarch diets.

KEY WORDS: • diet • sucrose • starch • rats • colon carcinogenesis

¹ Supported by a grant of the Program AIR of the European Community and partially by grants from Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Progetto FATMA) and the Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione, Italy.

² The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 21 May 1993. Revision accepted 1 November 1993.

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