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Quantitative Efficacy of Niacin Sources for Chicks: Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide, NAD and Tryptophan¹

Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801

A niacin-deficient diet based upon corn and casein was used to establish growth-promoting efficacy of various sources of niacin activity. In the presence of excess dietary nicotinamide, chicks fed the corn-casein diet achieved maximal weight gain when 100 mg/kg of L-tryptophan was supplemented. The basal diet for efficacy studies therefore contained 100 mg/kg of added tryptophan and no supplemental nicotinic acid. Weight gain in the linear response surface of the growth curve proved to be a far better measure of niacin bioactivity than tissue accumulation of NAD(P). Slope-ratio growth efficacy studies indicated that excess dietary tryptophan was 1.94 ± 0.14% as efficient as nicotinic acid in furnishing bioavailable niacin activity (52:1, wt:wt). Relative to nicotinic acid used as a standard (100%), nicotinamide bioactivity was 124%. Nicotinamide in NAD was utilized with an efficiency of 95% relative to nicotinamide per se.

KEY WORDS: • chicks • NAD(P) • tryptophan • nicotinic acid • nicotinamide

¹ The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed.

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