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Relationships between Viscosity of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Plasma Cholesterol in Hamsters^{1, 2,}

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

Dietary high viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) lowered plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations in cholesterol-fed hamsters. To determine the level of viscosity needed to effect a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol, hamsters were fed for 3 wk diets containing 0.12% cholesterol and either 4% cellulose or one of four preparations of HPMC that varied in viscosity between 14 and 1698 centipoise (cP), as estimated in vitro. Blood was collected for plasma cholesterol determination, and intestinal contents were obtained by finger-stripping of the excised small intestine. Contents were centrifuged and the supernatant (ex vivo) viscosity determined. In vitro and ex vivo viscosities were correlated (R² = 0.96). Plasma cholesterol concentrations declined as in vitro or ex vivo viscosity increased. Maximal plasma cholesterol reduction occurred at an ex vivo viscosity of 150 cP. There was a linear relationship between plasma cholesterol and the logarithm of ex vivo viscosity (R² = 0.98). Our results suggest that materials that increase the viscosity of intestinal contents can be effective in reducing plasma cholesterol and that only moderate increases in viscosity are necessary to achieve this effect.

KEY WORDS: • dietary fiber • cholesterol • viscosity • hamsters

¹ Supported by a research grant from the Dow Chemical Company.

² Paper no. 19,987 of the scientific series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station on research conducted under the Minnesota Experiment Station project nos. 18-058 and 18-059.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 4 August 1992. Revision accepted 11 June 1993.

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