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Dietary Fat and Fiber Alter Large Bowel and Portal Venous Volatile Fatty Acids and Plasma Cholesterol but Not Biliary Steroids in Pigs¹

CSIRO (Australia) Division of Human Nutrition, Glenthorne Laboratory, O'Halloran Hill, SA 5158, Australia

Male pigs were fed a low fiber beef diet (control) or that diet with additional fiber either as wheat bran, oat bran or baked beans. Total large bowel digesta and volatile fatty acid (VFA) pools were highest in pigs fed the diet with baked beans, intermediate in those fed the diets with oat bran and wheat bran and lowest in those fed the control diet. In all groups digesta mass and total VFA pools rose from the cecum and then fell to the distal colon, and incremental effects of diet were the same at all sampling sites. For acetate and propionate pools there was a significant interaction between diet and anatomical site, but data conversion to logarithms abolished this interaction, indicating that all dietary effects were proportionately the same across sections. Consumption of the diets with wheat bran, oat bran and baked beans increased the total large bowel butyrate pool compared with consumption of the control diet. Digesta H⁺ concentrations fell along the large bowel and correlated positively with VFA concentrations in the median colon. Portal venous VFA concentrations correlated with VFA in the proximal colon only. Plasma cholesterol and biliary steroids were unrelated to portal venous propionate concentrations.

KEY WORDS: • pigs • large bowel • fiber • volatile fatty acids • steroid metabolism

¹ Financial support was received from H. J. Heinz Company Australia Ltd. and material support from Kellogg Australia Ltd., Goodman Fielder Industries and Bonlac Foods.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed.

³ Supported by Tip Top Bakeries (a Division of George Weston Foods).

⁴ Supported by the Food and Nutrition Development and Research Centre, Gadjah Mada University, Jogjokarta, Indonesia.

Manuscript received 16 April 1992. Revision accepted 15 September 1992.