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Dietary Ascorbic Acid Depresses Plasma and Low Density Lipoprotein Lipid Peroxidation in Genetically Scorbutic Rats

Technical Research and Development Department, Vitamin and Food Division ^* Biological Research Laboratories, Research and Development Division, Takeda Chemical Ind., Ltd., Jusohonmachi 2-17-85, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532, Japan

The effects of dietary ascorbic acid on plasma lipoprotein and liver lipid peroxide concentrations were examined using ODS od/od rats with a genetic defect in the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid. ODS od/od rats were fed purified diets supplemented with 0 to 300 mg ascorbic acid/kg diet for 21 d. An ascorbic acid-free diet induced body weight loss, depleted ascorbic acid in the plasma and increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the plasma and liver as compared with rats fed ascorbic acid supplemented diets and with normal ODS +/+ rats fed the ascorbic acid-free diet. Increasing ascorbic acid concentration in the diet inhibited the development of these ascorbic acid deficiency symptoms in a dose-dependent manner. The dietary requirement of ascorbic acid to maintain normal body weight gain and plasma lipid peroxide concentrations was 150 mg ascorbic acid/kg diet. On the other hand, even 300 mg ascorbic acid/kg diet was insufficient to maintain a hepatic concentration of ascorbic acid comparable to that in the liver of ODS +/+ rats. The lipid peroxide concentration in plasma LDL and liver was significantly elevated in ODS od/od rats fed the ascorbic acid-free diet. Supplementing the diet with 300 mg ascorbic acid/kg kept those concentrations within the normal ranges seen in the ODS +/+ rats.

KEY WORDS: • ascorbic acid • lipid peroxides • ODS rats • lipoproteins

Manuscript received 4 February 1992. Revision accepted 12 May 1992.

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