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Lung Eicosanoid Synthesis is Affected by Age, Dietary Fat and Vitamin E^1,2,

Nutritional Immunology Laboratory and Antioxidant Research Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111

The effect of age, dietary fat type and all-rac--tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) supplementation on ex vivo synthesis of lung eicosanoids was measured in C57BL/6NIA mice using a 2 (age) x 3 (fat) x 3 (vitamin E) factorial design. Young (3-mo-old) and old (24-mo-old) mice were fed a semipurified diet containing 5% (by wt) corn oil, coconut oil or fish oil supplemented with 30, 100 or 500 mg vitamin E/kg for 4 wk. Ex vivo synthesis of thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F₁ (PGI₂) were measured by RIA in lung homogenates. Old mice had significantly higher concentrations of TXB₂ and PGI₂ than did young mice, resulting in a significant increase in the TXB₂:PGI₂ ratio with aging. Young and old mice fed fish oil had significantly lower concentrations of PGI₂ and TXB₂ than those fed corn oil or coconut oil. The degree of reduction varied according to age and vitamin E status. Old mice fed fish oil and 30 mg vitamin E/kg diet had the lowest plasma vitamin E concentration and the highest TXB₂:PGI₂ ratio. The TXB₂:PGI₂ ratio was significantly reduced in old mice fed coconut oil or fish oil by vitamin E supplementation. Vitamin E supplementation (100 mg/kg) significantly increased PGI₂ concentration in young mice fed coconut oil. Thus, significant changes in the capacity of lung to synthesize eicosanoids occur with age and are influenced by dietary fat type and vitamin E.

KEY WORDS: • eicosanoids • age • mice • dietary fat • vitamin E

¹ Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology [Meydani, S. N., Stocking, L. M., Shapiro, A. C., Meydani, M. & Blumberg, J. B. (1987) Dietary fat and tocopherol (E) induced changes in ex-vivo synthesis of spleen and lung leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) in mice. Fed. Proc. 46: 1006 (abs.)] and at the American Oil Chemists' Society meeting [Meydani, S. N., Meydani, M., Stocking, L. M. & Blumberg, J. B. (1987) Dietary and age associated changes in lung prostanoid synthesis. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 64: 648 (abs.)].

² Funded in part by National Institute of Aging grant #R23AGO5791-02 and USDA contract #53-3K06-5-10. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 5 March 1992. Revision accepted 15 April 1992.

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