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Retinol Stimulates Golgi Apparatus Activity in Cultured Bovine Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells^1,2,

Dorothy M. Morré³, Herbert Spring^*, Michael Trendelenburg^*, Marcus Montag^*, Barbara A. Mollenhauer, Hilton H. Mollenhauer^** and D. James Morré

Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 ^* Institute for Experimental Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Biological Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840 ^** U.S. Department of Agriculture, VTERL Complex, College Station, TX 77840 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907

Biochemical and electron microscopic studies have indicated that the Golgi apparatus responds to retinol. The purpose of this investigation was to visualize and record with living cells the rapidity of the response to retinol. A rapid response of the Golgi apparatus to retinol (1.75–17.5 µmol/L) added to the culture medium was observed using video-enhanced light microscopy with bovine mammary epithelial cells. The response was manifested within 1 min as a marked movement of membranes within the Golgi apparatus zone. In subsequent electron microscope preparations of the cells, only minor changes were observed and were restricted to increased numbers of normal-appearing membranes and vesicles associated with the trans Golgi apparatus face of the retinol-treated cells.

KEY WORDS: • retinol • Golgi apparatus • bovine mammary epithelial cells • vitamin A

¹ Supported in part by the National Science Foundation (to DJM and HHM), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeineschaft, Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Germany (to HS and MT), the Purdue Agricultural Experiment Station, 8546-561264 (to DMM) and Phi Beta Psi Sorority (to DMM).

² Paper No. 12340 of the Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, West Lafayette, IN 47907.

³ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 23 July 1991. Revision accepted 27 January 1992.