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Bile Acid Metabolism in Rats Fed Two Levels of Corn Oil and Brans of Oat, Rye and Barley and Sugar Beet Fiber^1,2,3,4,

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

High concentrations of fecal bile acids are associated with a higher incidence of colon cancer. Dietary changes that alter bile acid metabolism are therefore of interest. Here, we report the effect of feeding diets containing four fiber sources and two fat levels for 7 wk on bile acid excretion and small intestinal bile acids (an index of pool size) in rats. The fiber sources were oat bran, rye bran, barley bran and sugar beet fiber. Fiber-containing diets were 8% dietary fiber and contained either 5 or 20% corn oil. All fiber sources caused significantly greater fecal output compared with the fiber-free basal diet. All fiber sources also resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) lower fecal bile acid concentration compared with the fiber-free basal diet. Only rye bran resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher total fecal bile acid excretion. Oat bran resulted in a slightly but significantly (P < 0.05) higher quantity of small intestine bile acids compared with the other diets. Dietary fat level had no significant effect on fecal bile acid concentration or excretion or quantity of small intestinal bile acids. We conclude that all four fiber sources tested resulted in lower fecal bile acid concentration, by effectively causing greater fecal mass. Changes in dietary fat level as corn oil had no effect on fecal bile acids.

KEY WORDS: • bile acids • dietary fiber • fat • rats

¹ Supported by National Institutes of Health grant CA40843 and by a grant from the American Crystal Sugar Co., Moorhead, MN.

² Paper no. 18,655 of the scientific series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station on research conducted under the Minnesota Experiment Station project no. 18-058.

³ Presented in part at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, May 1–5, 1988, Las Vegas, NV [Locket, P. & Gallaher, D. (1988) The effect of fiber source and fat level on bile acid metabolism in the rat. FASEB J. 2: A862 (abs.)]

⁴ Part of this study was conducted at the Department of Food and Nutrition, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND.

⁵ To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.

⁶ Present address: Campbell Soup Company, Campbell Institute for Research and Technology, Campbell Place, Camden, NJ 08101.

Manuscript received 13 December 1990. Revision accepted 19 August 1991.