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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 122 No. 11 November 1992, pp. 2196-2203
Copyright © 1992 by American Society for Nutrition
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Dietary Sucrose Enhances Insulin Secretion of Aging Fischer 344 Rats1

Sally L. Hara, Rodney C. Ruhe2, Donald L. Curry* and Roger B. McDonald3

Departments of Nutrition * Physiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

Male Fischer 344 rats, ages 6, 12 and 26 mo, were fed a diet containing either sucrose or cornstarch (66% by weight) for 4 mo. The effects of age and dietary sucrose on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion were evaluated in whole perfused pancreases and isolated islets of Langerhans, and by intra-arterial glucose administration. In addition, glucose responsiveness of ß-cells was measured by following the rate of glucose oxidation in isolated islets. There was no significant effect of age on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of whole perfused pancreases and islets of Langerhans. There was, however, a significant main effect of sucrose feeding on insulin secretion. That is, whole perfused pancreases and islets of Langerhans isolated from rats fed sucrose vs. starch diets secreted more insulin in response to glucose. This effect was most pronounced in the 26-mo-old rats. In general, islet glucose oxidation rates, and responses to the in vivo glucose, did not differ among the groups. We conclude that alterations in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion with age more closely reflect changes in diet rather than aging per se.

KEY WORDS: • Fischer 344 rats • islets of Langerhans • glucose tolerance • pancreatic perfusion • insulin sensitivity

1 Supported in part by National Institute of Aging Grant AG00429 and gifts from The Sugar Association and from the California Age Research Institute.

2 Rodney C. Ruhe is supported by the Nestle Corporation as the Nestle Fellow in Nutrition and Aging.

3 To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 25 February 1992. Revision accepted 26 June 1992.






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