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Nutrient Utilization by Cells Isolated from Rat Jejunum, Cecum and Colon¹

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720

Cells isolated from the jejunum, cecum and colon of rats were used to study the oxidation of nutrients by quantifying the production of ¹⁴CO₂ from 5 mmol/L ¹⁴C-labeled exogenous substrate. In colonic cells, the decreasing order of oxidation was as follows: butyrate > acetate > propionate, glucose and glutamine. Acetate and butyrate significantly suppressed oxidation of both glucose and glutamine. In cells taken from the cecum, butyrate was oxidized at a greater rate than all other substrates. Cells taken from the jejunum produced CO₂ from exogenous substrates in decreasing order as follows: glutamine > glucose >> acetate, propionate and butyrate. Butyrate oxidation was significantly reduced in colonic cells by 3-hydroxybutyrate, and it was reduced in cecal cells by glucose. Comparisons among the three gut segments showed no differences in glutamine oxidation. Glucose oxidation was greater in cells taken from the colon than from the cecum or jejunum, which were similar. Butyrate and acetate were oxidized at higher rates in cells taken from the cecum and colon than in cells taken from the jejunum, and propionate was oxidized at a greater rate in cells taken from the colon than from the jejunum. These studies demonstrate that relative rates of substrate oxidation differ along the intestinal tract of rats.

KEY WORDS: • rats • colonocyte • enterocyte • glucose • glutamine • short-chain fatty acids

¹ Funds were provided by National Institutes of Health Competitive Grant No. R01-40845 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Experiment Station.

² Current address: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.

Manuscript received 10 October 1989. Revision accepted 16 October 1990.

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