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Effects of Chemical Form and Dosage on the Incorporation of Selenium into Tissue Proteins in Rats^1,2,

Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, D-1000 Berlin 39, Germany

We investigated the incorporation of Se into the proteins of liver and muscle, the two main Se pools, during replenishment of Se-deficient rats with normal or large doses of ⁷⁵Se-labeled selenite and selenomethionine, doses equivalent to the amounts ingested from a diet with 0.2 or 2 mg Se/kg. With the higher intake, Se levels were elevated. More Se was retained from selenomethionine than from selenite. After separation of the labeled proteins, it was apparent that the higher tissue Se contents were mainly due to nonspecific incorporation into a large number of proteins. We observed no differences between the two chemical forms with regard to the formation of the specific selenoproteins. The 10-fold increase in the Se supply led to a relatively small rise in the levels of these compounds. The results indicate that after ingestion of normal amounts of selenite nearly all of the element is present in the specific selenoproteins. With increasing doses a part is also incorporated nonspecifically into numerous other proteins. In the case of selenomethionine, a part of the element follows the same metabolic pathways, but a percentage is also deposited directly and nonspecifically into proteins in place of methionine.

KEY WORDS: • selenium • selenoproteins • selenite • selenomethionine • rats

¹ This work was partly supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant Be 977/1-3).

² The results were presented in part at the 6th International Symposium on Trace Elements, Jena, Germany, in July 1989.

Manuscript received 6 January 1990. Revision accepted 20 July 1990.

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