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A Small Dose of Soluble Alginate-Fiber Affects Postprandial Glycemia and Gastric Emptying in Humans with Diabetes¹

Inga Torsdottir², Magne Alpsten^*, Göran Holm, Ann-Sofi Sandberg^** and Jukka Tölli^*

Department of Clinical Nutrition ^* Department of Radiation Physics Department of Medicine I, University of Göteborg, Sahlgren's Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden ^** Department of Food Science, Chalmers University of Technology, S-402 29 Göteborg, Sweden

Seven men with well-controlled, non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes ingested on two different mornings, in random order, meals with or without a 5.0-g sodium alginate supplement (algaeisolate, 75% soluble fiber). The meals contained similar amounts of digestible carbohydrates, fat and protein. The gastric emptying rate of the meal containing sodium alginate, measured by detection of ⁵¹Cr mixed into the meals, was significantly slower than that of the fiber-free meal. Sodium alginate also induced significantly lower postprandial rises in blood glucose, serum insulin and plasma C-peptide. The diminished glucose response after the addition of sodium alginate could be correlated to the delayed gastric emptying rate induced by the fiber (r_s = 0.92, P < 0.01).

KEY WORDS: • soluble fiber • glycemic response • gastric emptying • sodium alginate • diabetes • humans

¹ This study was supported by the Swedish Council for Forestry and Agricultural Research (L24 and L39), the Swedish Diabetes Association and the Medical Faculty, University of Göteborg.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Unit for Nutrition Research, National University Hospital of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland.

Manuscript received 11 July 1990. Revision accepted 24 October 1990.

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