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Lack of an Association Between Cellular Phospholipid Triene:Tetraene Ratio and Proliferation of Human Skin Fibroblasts in Culture

Cellular Nutrition and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1

Two experiments were performed in an attempt to establish an association between cellular phospholipid triene:tetraene ratio and proliferation of human neonatal skin fibroblasts in culture. In Experiment 1, a low lipid culture medium was developed that caused an accumulation of (n-9) eicosatrienoic acid in the phospholipids of human fibroblasts. This culture medium, when supplemented with a mixture of mitogens, supported growth of human fibroblasts at a level equivalent to that found under conditions of maximal growth using serum supplementation (8% fetal bovine serum). The triene:tetraene ratio of fibroblast phospholipids under the two conditions was 1.88 vs. 0.03, suggesting that the growth of these cells was not adversely affected by a high (> 0.4) triene:tetraene ratio. In Experiment 2, cells were cultured in a low lipid, mitogen-supplemented medium with 16:1(n-7), 18:1(n-9), 18:2(n-6) or 20:4(n-6) added as the albumin complex. All the fatty acids permitted an equivalent maximal growth stimulation in the assay system, although having different effects on the phospholipid triene:tetraene ratio. The results suggest that there is a lack of an association between cellular phospholipid triene:tetraene ratio (range, 0.03 to 3.4) and proliferation of human fibroblasts in this culture system.

KEY WORDS: • essential fatty acids • fibroblasts • cell culture • humans

Manuscript received 28 December 1989. Revision accepted 5 October 1990.