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Changes in Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase, Cytochrome c Oxidase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Glutathione Transferase Activities in Copper-Deficient Mice and Rats¹

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812

Dietary copper deficiency was produced in Swiss albino mice and Sprague Dawley rats to compare changes in selected antioxidant enzymes. A 5-wk dietary treatment was employed, starting 1 wk after birth for mice (initially via dams) and 3 wk after birth for rats. An additional confirmatory experiment was conducted with mice using the postweanling paradigm. Mouse offspring (6 wk of age) and rats (8 wk of age) maintained on a Cu-deficient treatment were compared with Cu-adequate controls. Compared with Cu-adequate animals, Cu-deficient mice and rats were anemic, had lower ceruloplasmin activities and liver copper levels, and had higher relative weights of heart and small intestine. Activity of cytochrome c oxidase (mice) and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (mice and rats) was lower in all seven organs examined from Cu-deficient animals compared with Cu-adequate animals, although there were organ and species differences. Compared with Cu-adequate controls, glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in liver and plasma of Cu-deficient mice and rats. Hepatic glutathione transferase activity was markedly lower in those Cu-deficient mice started on treatment at 1 wk of age but not in those mice or rats subjected to postweanling copper deficiency.

KEY WORDS: • copper deficiency • Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase • cytochrome c oxidase • glutathione peroxidase • glutathione transferase • rats • mice

¹ Research supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants HD 20975 and BRSG S07 RR05896.

Manuscript received 1 June 1990. Revision accepted 21 August 1990.

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