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Dose Response to a Dietary Oat Bran Fraction in Cholesterol-Fed Rats^1,2,

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706

The two objectives of this research were to improve the cholesterol-fed rat as a model for evaluating the hypocholesterolemic potential of foods and to determine the relationship between serum and liver lipid levels in the cholesterol-fed rat and the ingestion of nine levels of a high fiber oat flour (HFOF) derived from oat bran. Ingestion of 0.2% cholic acid, sodium cholate or sodium taurocholate with 1% cholesterol (CH) significantly elevated serum and liver CH, liver triglycerides and liver weight compared to those values in control rats fed diets not containing CH and bile acids; 0.05 and 0.1% cholic acid with 1% CH were also effective. Ingestion of increasing amounts of HFOF, containing 0–10% dietary fiber, by rats made hypercholesterolemic with 1% CH and 0.1% cholic acid in the diet produced a significant inverse relationship between serum and liver cholesterol levels and HFOF intake; r = -0.48, p < 0.0001 for serum CH and r = -0.55, p < 0.0001 for liver CH. Because of the similarities in the responses of humans and of the cholesterol-fed rat to oat fiber ingestion, this dose-response relationship in the rat model suggests that larger intakes of soluble oat fiber sources may be accompanied by greater reduction in serum CH levels in humans.

KEY WORDS: • oat bran • cholesterol • fiber • rats

¹ Presented in part at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Las Vegas, NV, May 1988 [SHINNICK, F. L. & MARLETT, J. A. (1988) Hypercholesterolemic response to dietary oat fiber in rats. FASEB J. 2: A1419 (abs.)].

² Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant DK 21712, by the Quaker Oats Company, Chicago, IL, and by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

³ Present address: Quaker Oats Company, Barrington, IL 60010.

⁴ Author to whom reprint requests should be sent.

Manuscript received 18 September 1989. Revision accepted 4 January 1990.