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Cardiolipin Molecular Species in Rat Heart Mitochondria are Sensitive to Essential Fatty Acid-Deficient Dietary Lipids

Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611, Japan

Feeding various dietary lipids did not alter the mass of phospholipids in rat heart mitochondria, but the phospholipids' fatty acid compositions changed. Although the compositional changes in mitochondrial phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were negligible, linoleic acid [cis 18:2(n-6)] of cardiolipin was replaced by other fatty acids from dietary lipids. An analysis of the molecular species showed an even greater extent of change than was observed by fatty acid composition analysis. The quantity of 18:2(n-6)/18:2(n-6) molecular species [18:2(n-6) in C-l position/18:2(n-6) in C-2 position] in cardiolipin decreased when rats were fed lipids that were depleted of an essential fatty acid but not deficient in essential fatty aids (eicosatrienoic acid did not appear). The decrease in 18:2(n-6)/18:2(n-6) species in cardiolipin was most pronounced in rats fed sardine oil, in which the ratio of (n-3) to (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids was 0.2. The O₂ consumption rate of rat heart mitochondria decreased as the quantity of 18:2 (n-6)/18:2(n-6) cardiolipin species decreased.

KEY WORDS: • heart mitochondrial cardiolipin • cardiolipin molecular species • essential fatty acid deficiency • rats

Manuscript received 24 May 1989. Revision accepted 22 September 1989.

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