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Effect of Viscous Indigestible Polysaccharides on Pancreatic-Biliary Secretion and Digestive Organs in Rats

Sachie Ikegami^*, Fumie Tsuchihashi^*, Hironobu Harada^**, Noboru Tsuchihashi, Eiichi Nishide^** and Satoshi Innami

^* Division of Food Science, The National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan ^** Department of Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154, Japan Department of Nutrition, Chiba College of Health Science, Chiba, Chiba 260, Japan Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan

Effects of viscous indigestible polysaccharides on the pancreas exocrine function were investigated in growing rats. Rats were fed a nonfiber diet or a diet containing approximately 5% of one of the following fibers: apple pectin, -carrageenan, locust bean gum, gum xanthan, guar gum or sodium (Na) alginate. Pancreatic-bile secretion was found to be elevated in rats fed for 2 wk the highly viscous polysaccharides, sodium alginate, locust bean gum, gum xanthan and guar gum. The polysaccharides may have interfered with the digestion and absorption of nutrients, resulting in a decreased digestibility and an enlargement of digestive organs. When alginic acid and calcium alginate, insoluble polysaccharides that did not contribute to viscosity, were given to rats, they had no effect on pancreatic and biliary secretion compared with sodium alginate. The results demonstrate that consumption of viscous indigestible polysaccharides leads to changes in the exocrine pancreatic-biliary function and may depress the process of digestion and absorption. Rats may compensate for the inefficiency of digestion and absorption with a hyperplasia/hypertrophy of digestive organs and an increased secretion of digestive juice.

KEY WORDS: • viscous indigestible polysaccharides • bile secretion • sodium alginate • guar gum • rats

Manuscript received 30 May 1989. Revision accepted 12 October 1989.

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