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The Effect of Chronic Alcohol Ingestion on Free Radical Defense in the Miniature Pig1

Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr*,{dagger},, Charles H. Halsted{ddagger}, Katherine Lewis Olin*, Ann M. Reisenauer{ddagger} and Carl L. Keen*,{ddagger},

* Department of Nutrition {dagger} Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research {ddagger} Division of Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616

Cellular protection from free radical reactions was measured in hepatic tissue from controls and miniature pigs fed ethanol. The activities of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase were lower and the activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was higher in the pigs fed ethanol than in controls. Glutathione concentration was lower in the pigs fed ethanol than in controls. Ethanol consumption did not result in increased lipid peroxidation as assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. The ethanol-induced effects on the activities of the superoxide dismutases may be a reflection of available metals and/or a response to increased hepatic concentration of oxygen radicals. Because the protection afforded by the glutathione system was altered, pigs fed ethanol may be at risk of peroxidative damage with continued ethanol exposure.

KEY WORDS: • alcohol • free radicals • superoxide dismutase • glutathione peroxidase • glutathione • copper • zinc • manganese • miniature pigs

1 Supported by grants from the Alcoholic Beverage Medical Research Foundation, Bristol-Myers Company, and federal grants NIAAA 06938 (National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIDDK 35747 (National Institute of Drugs, Diabetes and Kidneys), and NICHHD 01743 (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

Manuscript received 8 September 1988. Revision accepted 15 September 1989.






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