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Adrenal Hormones and the Anorectic Response and Adaptation of Rats to Amino Acid Imbalance¹

Department of Physiological Sciences and Food Intake Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

The role of adrenal function in the anorectic response and adaptation of rats to a diet with an isoleucine (Ile) imbalance was investigated. In the first of four experiments, rats were fed a mildly Ile-imbalanced diet after treatment with metyrapone, an inhibitor of glucocorticoid synthesis. In two separate experiments, rats were presented with either a mildly or severely Ile-imbalanced diet (4.93 and 9.86% imbalanced amino acid mixture, respectively) after bilateral adrenalectomy. Finally, the effects of ICS 205-930, a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist, on the intake of mildly Ile-imbalanced diet were tested in adrenalectomized animals. In each experiment a 2 x 2 factorial design was used. Neither metyrapone nor adrenalectomy altered the initial depression in the intake of an imbalanced diet. The adaptation phase in the response of adrenalectomized rats fed a mildly Ile-imbalanced diet was not different from that of controls, but adrenalectomized rats fed severely Ile-imbalanced diets were unable to adapt. Adrenalectomy did not alter the anti-anoretic activity of ICS 205-930 in this model. These results suggest that adrenal hormones are not necessary for the initial anoretic response or adaptation of rats to an Ile-imbalanced diet, nor are they implicated in the anti-anorectic effect of serotonin-3 blockade.

KEY WORDS: • metyrapone • adrenalectomy • serotonin antagonist • rats • amino acid imbalance

¹ Support for this research was provided by the Sandoz Research Institute, U.S. Department of Agriculture grant 87-CRCR-1-2418 and the Clinical Nutrition Research Unit (grant SSS-5 5 P30 DK35747-04), University of California, Davis.

Manuscript received 3 January 1990. Revision accepted 23 May 1990.