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Failure to Demonstrate an Effect of Dietary Fatty Acid Composition on Body Weight, Body Composition and Parameters of Lipid Metabolism in Mature Rats¹

Nutrition Program, State University of New York at Buffalo ^* Neurovisceral Laboratory, Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Buffalo, and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214

The objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of dietary fatty acid composition on body composition and on several parameters of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and to assess the ease of weight loss with restricted dietary intake. Rats were fed diets containing 14% fish oil, safflower oil or beef fat plus 2% corn oil. These diets were fed ad libitum for 4 wk (first phase). A number of the animals from each group were killed, and the others were fed 50% of their first-phase food intake for an additional 4 wk (second phase). The diets used in the second phase contained 3% of the above fats plus 2% corn oil. Food consumption, food efficiency and body weights were monitored. After the rats were killed, fatty acid composition of epididymal fat pads was examined. In addition, in vivo lipolysis and in vitro lipogenesis in epididymal fat pads were examined. The results indicate that dietary fatty acid composition had no effect on body weight, food consumption, in vivo lipolysis and in vitro lipogenesis in epididymal fat pads. In addition, although dietary fatty acid manipulation resulted in alteration in adipose tissue fatty acid composition, it had no effect on the rate of weight loss, body composition, in vivo lipolysis and in vitro lipogenesis in epididymal fat pads. It is concluded that dietary fatty acid composition does not play a role in body composition and in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of mature rats.

KEY WORDS: • body composition • energy restriction • fatty acid composition • fish oil • rats

¹ This investigation was supported by funds from the State University of New York at Buffalo and by Veteran's Administration research funds.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed at 324 Kimball Tower, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214.

Manuscript received 28 December 1989. Revision accepted 12 April 1990.