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Postprandial Changes in the Plasma Concentration of - and -Tocopherol in Human Subjects Fed a Fat-Rich Meal Supplemented with Fat-Soluble Vitamins¹

U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston MA 02111

The plasma concentrations of alpha ()- and gamma ()-tocopherol in 10 male and 15 female subjects (age 20–79 yr) fed a fat-rich meal supplemented with fat-soluble vitamins were measured. In expt. 1, subjects (n = 14) received 1 g fat/kg body wt as soybean oil, and the meal was supplemented with 100% of the RDA for fat-soluble vitamins. In expt. 2, the subjects (n = 11) received 1 g fat/kg body wt as 50% soybean oil + 50% cream, and the meal was supplemented with 200% of the RDA for fat-soluble vitamins. The ratio of - :-tocopherol given in the test meal of expt. 1 was 2.8:1 and in expt. 2 was 0.9:1. Blood samples were obtained 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after the meal. Tocopherol concentration was measured in plasma and lipoprotein fractions. In both studies, plasma triglyceride concentration increased significantly after the meal (P < 0.001). Mean plasma cholesterol and -tocopherol concentrations were unchanged, but plasma -tocopherol concentration was significantly increased at 6, 9 and 12 h after the meal (P < 0.05). The increase in plasma -tocopherol was due to increases within the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction (d < 1.006 g/ml) at earlier timepoints, followed by a sustained increase within low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions at later timepoints. In contrast, -tocopherol in LDL and HDL decreased postprandially, concomitant with a rise in TRL -tocopherol. Our results are consistent with the concept that there are differences in the distribution of - and -tocopherol in postprandial lipoproteins.

KEY WORDS: • -tocopherol • -tocopherol • dietary fat • lipoproteins • humans

¹ Supported by contract #53-3K06-5-10 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service.

Manuscript received 15 December 1988. Revision accepted 28 April 1989.

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