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Effect of EDTA and Zinc-Methionine Complex on Zinc Absorption by Rat Intestine¹

Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611

The effects of zinc chelators on ⁶⁵Zn uptake, absorption and tissue distribution were determined in rats using ligated duodenal loops. ⁶⁵Zn was supplied as Zn-methionine complex, ZnCl₂, ZnCl₂ + L-methionine or ZnCl₂ + EDTA. The effect of EDTA was also determined in the presence of phytic acid. Absorption of ₆₅Zn was markedly reduced in rats given Zn-methionine complex or ZnCl₂ + EDTA. The ₆₅Zn level in tissues (liver, bone, muscle, skin, kidney, and thymus) of rats given ZnCl₂ + EDTA was also significantly reduced compared to that of rats given ZnCl₂. Reduced absorption due to phytic acid was not improved by EDTA, although EDTA increased mucosal ⁶⁵Zn retention. High performance gel filtration chromatography showed six ⁶⁵Zn-binding peaks in the mucosal cytosol of rats given ZnCl₂. A seventh peak attributable to Zn-EDTA was observed in cytosol from rats given ZnCl₂ + EDTA. A comparable peak in plasma was not observed. Both EDTA and Zn-methionine complex reduced ⁶⁵Zn-binding to a low-molecular-weight component of mucosal cytosol that was not metallothionein. The results suggest that Zn-EDTA is transported intact from the lumen into mucosal cells but not across the basolateral membrane. The adverse effects of EDTA and Zn-methionine complex on zinc absorption were associated with reduced ⁶⁵Zn-binding to a component of mucosal cytosol that may be involved in zinc absorption.

KEY WORDS: • zinc absorption • zinc-methionine complex • EDTA • intestinal zinc-binding proteins • radioactive isotopes • duodenum • rat

¹ This research was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant No. DK 31127 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and Boston Family Endowment funds.

² To whom reprint requests and correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 3 January 1989. Revision accepted 3 April 1989.

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