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Rat Bioassay of Wheat Bran Folate and Effects of Intestinal Bacteria¹

Pamela M. Keagy^* and Susan M. Oace^,2

^* Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Berkeley, CA 94710 Department of Nutritional Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94710

This study estimates the folate endogenous to a food material (wheat bran) and examines the role of intestinal bacteria in the rat bioassay for folate. After a 4-wk folate depletion period, rats were fed for an additional 4 wk basal diets with or without 0.5% phthalylsulfacetamide and with 100, 200 or 300 g of wheat bran; or 50, 100 or 150 g of xylan; or 0, 0.25, 0.50 or 0.75 mg of folic acid added per kg of basal diet. Xylan increased both liver and fecal folate, and this effect was nearly eliminated by phthalylsulfacetamide. Wheat bran contributed 1.6 µg of available folate per g of wheat bran without phthalylsulfacetamide in an apparently valid slope-ratio analysis. With the addition of phthalylsulfacetamide, liver folate increased in rats fed wheat bran diets and decreased in rats fed folic acid diets. The slope-ratio analysis for wheat bran folate with phthalylsulfacetamide became invalid due to a lack of intersection. Phthalylsulfacetamide had no effect on fecal folate excretion from rats fed the wheat bran diets. Further studies are needed on a variety of foods with and without phthalylsulfacetamide to evaluate the effect and importance of intestinal folate synthesis in the rat.

KEY WORDS: • folate • dietary fiber • wheat bran • xylan • liver • feces • phthalylsulfacetamide • sulfonamide • rat

¹ Presented in part at the annual meeting of the American Association of Cereal Chemists, Denver, Colorado, Oct. 25–29, 1982. [Cereal Foods World 26: 513 (abs.)].

² This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant AM-19970.

Manuscript received 12 September 1988. Revision accepted 21 June 1989.

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