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Effects of Ergocalciferol Supplementation on the Concentration of Vitamin D and Its Metabolites in Human Milk

Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Women's College of Pharmacy, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658, Japan ^* Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650, Japan

The effect of maternal ergocalciferol (vitamin D₂) supplementation on the concentrations of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25-(OH)₂D], and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)₂D] in their milk was studied. Vitamin D₂, D₃, 25-OH-D₂ and 25-OH-D₃ were simultaneously determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the determination of 24,25-(OH)₂D and 1,25-(OH)₂D was performed by competitive protein binding assay and radioreceptor assay, respectively, after separation of the D₂ and D₃ compounds. After healthy lactating mothers had received a daily oral dose of vitamin D₂ (1,200 KI/d) for 4 wk, the concentrations of vitamin D₂, D₃ and the metabolites were determined in their plasma and milk. Although the plasma levels of 25-OH-D₂ were significantly increased, the increase in milk was relatively small. On the other hand, the increase of vitamin D₂ levels in milk was greater than that of 25-OH-D₂ in milk after supplementation. The levels of 1,25-(OH)₂D in milk was lower after 5 wk of lactation than after 1 wk of lactation, regardless of maternal vitamin D₂ supplementation. When total antirachitic activities in milk were calculated, only a very slight increase was observed as a result of supplementation.

KEY WORDS: • vitamin D • 25-hydroxyvitamin D • 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D • plasma • vitamin D metabolites • human milk

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 14 April 1988. Revision accepted 10 August 1989.

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