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Effect of Dietary Lipids and Vitamin E on in Vitro Lipid Peroxidation in Rat Liver and Kidney Homogenates¹

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616

Rats were fed for 5 wk 10% (wt/wt) menhaden oil (MO) or a 10% corn oil-lard (COL) mixture (1:1) in diets with a low vitamin E content (5 mg/kg) or supplemented with d--tocopheryl succinate to a total of 30 or 150 mg per kg. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CD), hexanal and total volatiles (TOV) were measured in tissue homogenates incubated at 37°C for l h in the absence (uninduced) and presence of 15 µM ferrous sulfate (induced). The fatty acid composition of liver and kidney reflected that of dietary lipids. For uninduced peroxidation, there was in general a significant inverse correlation of TBARS, CD and TOV with the log of dietary vitamin E content for liver and kidney from rats fed either lipid. For induced peroxidation, the inverse correlation was significant for liver, but not for kidney, from rats fed either lipid. The correlation was generally higher for liver and kidney from rats fed COL than for tissues from rats fed MO. Vitamin E was thus a more effective antioxidant for liver than for kidney regardless of the dietary lipid, and for liver and kidney from rats fed COL than from rats fed MO. Dietary MO enhanced tissue susceptibility to both peroxidation systems. A simulation model developed to mimic the experiments showed good correlations between experimental data and simulated values.

KEY WORDS: • menhaden oil • polyunsaturated fatty acids • lipid peroxidation • vitamin E • simulation modeling • rat

¹ Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK-39225 from the Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

² On leave from the Northern Regional Research Center, USDA, Peoria, IL.

³ To whom reprint requests should be sent.

Manuscript received 29 March 1989. Revision accepted 29 June 1989.

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