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Relationship between Dietary Fat, Adiopcyte Membrane Composition and Insulin Binding in the Rat¹

Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Department of Foods and Nutrition and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2C2

Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of 10 purified, high fat (20% wt/wt) diets for 6 wk to determine if an in vivo relationship exists between dietary fat composition, plasma membrane composition and insulin binding to epididymal adipocytes. The diets fed provided ratios of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P/S ratios) representative of those consumed by the human population and ranging from 0.14 to 1.80. The dietary P/S ratio fed altered the essential and nonessential fatty acid composition of plasma membrane phospholipids. Diet-induced alterations in membrane phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine composition were found to be related in a dose-dependent manner to insulin binding at both physiological and supraphysiological insulin concentrations. This observation further supports in vivo a dietary mechanism for modulating insulin action. The present study establishes that the effect of diet on the relationship between membrane composition and insulin binding reaches a plateau within the physiological range of dietary P/S ratios.

KEY WORDS: • dietary fat • adipocyte • insulin receptor • plasma membrane • phospholipid composition • male rats

¹ The financial support of the Canadian Diabetes Association and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada is gratefully acknowledged.

² Recipient of a Medical Research Council of Canada Studentship and an Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research Independent Research Allowance.

³ Scholar of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research.

⁴ To whom requests for reprints should be addressed at: Dept. of Foods & Nutrition, 318f Home Economics Bldg., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2M8.

Manuscript received 17 April 1989. Revision accepted 24 July 1989.

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