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Effects of Starch, Sucrose, Fructose and Glucose on Chromium Absorption and Tissue Concentrations in Obese and Lean Mice^1,2,3,

Department of Food, Nutrition and Institution Administration, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078

Forty-eight male genetically obese (OB) mice (C57BL/6J-OB) and 48 lean male littermates were randomly assigned within main plots (OB or lean) to one of eight diets. Diets were low chromium or supplemented with 1 mg chromium as CrCl₃ per kg. Starch, sucrose, fructose or glucose comprised 50% of the diet, which met AIN recommendations except for chromium. Experimental diets and deionized water were available ad libitum for 26 d. Mice were fasted 10 h and were intubated 2 h before killing with 15 µCi of ⁵¹CrCl₃ in a 25% carbohydrate solution (2 mg carbohydrate/g body wt) of either starch, sucrose, glucose or fructose corresponding to the diet previously fed. ⁵¹Cr concentrations were significantly higher in the blood, liver, spleen, epididymal fat pad, testes and femur of animals given their carbohydrate load as starch than in animals fed sucrose, fructose or glucose. Carbohydrate had a significant effect on chromium concentrations of testes, spleen, kidney and liver with values generally being higher with the starch diet. Chromium supplementation increased bone and kidney chromium concentrations and heart and muscle glycogen. These data indicate that the source of carbohydrate can alter chromium absorption and retention.

KEY WORDS: • chromium • ⁵¹CrCl₃ • chromium absorption • carbohydrate • obese mice

¹ Presented in part at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Las Vegas, NV [Seaborn, C. D. & Stoecker, B. J. (1988) Effects of starch, sucrose, fructose, and glucose on chromium absorption and tissue concentrations in obese and lean mice. FASEB J. 2: A423 (abs)].

² Funded in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture Competitive Research Grants Program (86-CRCR-1-2276).

³ Paper #J-5574 of the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station.

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Manuscript received 7 February 1989. Revision accepted 8 June 1989.