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The Role of Liquid Diet Formulation in the Postnatal Ethanol Exposure of Rats via Mother's Milk1

Rosa Sanchis, María Sancho-Tello and Consuelo Guerri

Instituto de Investigaciones Citológicas, 46010-Valencia, Spain

The nutritional adequacy of three liquid diets containing ethanol to support lactation was studied in rats. Diets 1 and 2 provided 18 and 25% kcal, respectively, as protein with 36% of total calories as ethanol, while in diet 3 alcohol provided 28% and protein 25% of total calories. Three series of isoenergetically pair-fed rats, as well as an ad libitum group fed a solid diet, were studied. A primary maternal malnutrition was evident in rats fed diet 1. With respect to diet 2, the 96% postnatal mortality which occurred may have been due to an inhibition of milk production mediated by exaggerated blood alcohol concentrations present in the lactating dams. Diet 3 seemed to be nutritionally adequate for the extra requirements for lactation and a direct effect of ethanol was observed in the sucklings. High blood alcohol levels (25–50 mmol/1) were obtained in dams fed ethanol diets 1 and 3; however only 1% of maternal blood alcohol appeared in the blood of sucklings, demonstrating a low transfer of ethanol from mother to offspring through the milk. Finally the model for postnatal exposure to alcohol via mother's milk is discussed in terms of other indirect alcohol-related factors which make it difficult to evaluate the direct impact of ethanol per se in the normal development of the suckling pups.

KEY WORDS: • postnatal ethanol exposure • lactation • liquid ethanol diets • maternal nutrition • suckling nutritional status • suckling's blood ethanol

1 Supported by the FISS, Grant No. 88-1429, of Spain.

Manuscript received 10 February 1988. Revision accepted 8 July 1988.






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