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Nutritional Availability and Chronic Toxicity of Selenocyanate in the Rat^1,2,

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706

To evaluate nutritional availability and chronic toxicity of KSeCN, female postweanling rats were fed casein-based diets plus 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg Se/kg as KSeCN for 6 wk, or 0.1, 0.5 and 10 mg Se/kg as Na₂SeO₃. A control group was fed the basal diet (Se = 0.04 mg/kg) and one group was fed the basal diet plus 5 mg Se/L as KSeCN in the drinking water. There were no differences in weight gain and diet consumption among groups fed 2.5 mg Se/kg or less. At 5 and 10 mg Se/kg, rats showed depression in weight gain and diet consumption. After wk 6 there were no abnormalities of the major organs of rats fed 2.5 mg Se/kg or less. Spleen enlargement was observed at 5 and 10 mg Se/kg, and liver damage and kidney enlargement at 10 mg Se/kg. Se content in the blood, liver and kidney of rats fed KSeCN was generally somewhat lower than for those fed Na₂SeO₃ at the same levels. The availability of Se from KSeCN for glutathione peroxidase formation in blood, liver and kidney was comparable to that of Na₂SeO₃. Plasma thyroxine in groups fed 10 mg Se/kg was 40% of that in the control group, but was not altered at lower Se levels.

KEY WORDS: • selenocyanate • selenium bioavailability • selenium toxicity • thyroxine • thyroid • glutathione peroxidase

¹ Research supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences and the Graduate School, University of Wisconsin, Madison; by National Institutes of Health Grants No. AM 14184 and No. 5-T32-CA 09451; and by the American Cancer Society (IN-35-28-11).

² A preliminary report of this work was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, March 29–April 3, 1987, Washington, DC [Vadhanavikit, S. & Ganther, H. E. (1987) Biological activity and metabolism of selenocyanate in the rat. Fed. Proc. 46: 905 (abs. 3427)].

Manuscript received 31 August 1987. Revision accepted 3 February 1988.

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