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High and Low Inhibitor Soybean Meals Affect Human Duodenal Proteinase Activity Differently: In Vivo Comparison with Bovine Serum Albumin

Halvor Holm, Lars E. Hanssen^*, Åshild Krogdahl and Jon Florholmen

Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo 3, Norway ^* Medical Department A, Rikshospitalet, N-0027 Oslo 1, Norway ARCN Institute of Aquaculture Research, N-1432 Ås-NLH, Norway Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Tromsø, N-9012 Tromsø, Norway

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of high and low inhibitor soybean meals on the duodenal enzyme activities and on the possible regulatory role of gastrointestinal hormones in the pancreatic response. After an overnight fast, 11 healthy volunteers received an intraduodenal infusion of saline for 60 min. This was followed by infusion of either of three test meals: extract of raw soybeans (RS), a low inhibitor soy protein isolate (SPI) or bovine serum albumin (BSA), 10 g/h for 60 min. Then saline was again given intraduodenally for 30 min. Gastric juice was collected continuously and duodenal juice and peripheral blood samples were collected every 10 min. Duodenal chymotryptic activity was severely inhibited by RS, whereas SPI and BSA increased the chymotryptic activity. Tryptic activity showed a transient reduction (55%) during RS infusion, whereas BSA and in particular SPI increased the tryptic activity. No change was seen in amylase activity. The lack of total inhibition of tryptic activity has been studied further and is the subject of the accompanying paper. The peripheral plasma levels of cholecystokinin (CCK) increased significantly during BSA but not during SPI or RS infusions. Thus, CCK levels were not increased by the inhibition of the proteolytic activity by RS in duodenal juice.

KEY WORDS: • human pancreatic proteinases • soy bean proteinase inhibitors • human gastrointestinal hormones

Manuscript received 11 May 1987. Revision accepted 22 December 1987.