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Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
The doubly labeled water method is a form of indirect calorimetry that has been developed only recently to the stage of application to human studies. The method measures integral CO2 production for up to 3 wk from the difference in elimination rates of deuterium and 18O from labeled body water. Validations against near-continuous respiratory gas exchange have demonstrated that the method is accurate and has a precision of 2–8% depending on the isotope dose and the length of the elimination period. Although the method has been validated, there is still some debate on refinements of the kinetic model that may lead to improved accuracy and precision. Because the method only requires periodic sampling of body fluids, it is nonrestrictive and ideally suited to use in free-living subjects. Recent applications of the method have included obesity research, determination of energy requirements in both developing and developed countries and studies of human growth.
KEY WORDS: • energy metabolism • deuterium • 18O • stable isotopes
1 This work has been partially supported through NIH Grant Nos. DK30031 and DK26678.
2 D. A. Schoeller was the recipient of the 1987 Mead Johnson Award from the American Institute of Nutrition. This article describes the research on which his award was based.
Manuscript received 25 January 1988. Revision accepted 23 May 1988.
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