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Evidence for Cold-Induced but Not for Diet-Induced Thermogenesis in Adult Dogs^{1, 2,}

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1224

Rats often exhibit diet-induced thermogenesis when overfed, which has been linked to activation of the sympathetic nervous system. In the present study, adult dogs housed at 22°C were fed 150 or 200% of maintenance intake for 4 wk or 6 d, respectively. The overfed dogs gained body weight without an increase in 24-h energy expenditure or activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as assessed by norepinephrine release to plasma and urinary norepinephrine excretion. Acclimation to cold (3°C for 4 wk) increased energy expenditure 38%, norepinephrine apparent release to plasma 64% and urinary norepinephrine excretion 42%. This cold-induced thermogenesis did not, however, switch to diet-induced thermogenesis when dogs were removed from the cold and fed 150% of maintenance. In conclusion, no evidence was found for diet-induced thermogenesis in adult dogs.

KEY WORDS: • diet-induced thermogenesis • cold-induced thermogenesis • norepinephrine metabolism • dog

¹ Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station journal article 12080.

² Supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant No. AM-26851.

³ Present address: Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699.

Manuscript received 8 September 1986. Revision accepted 12 March 1987.