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Lipoprotein Lipases, Lipoproteins and Tissue Lipids in Rats Fed Fish Oil or Coconut Oil¹

Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Oslo, 0363 Oslo 3, Norway

The effect of fish oil and coconut oil on plasma lipoproteins and lipoprotein-catabolizing enzymes [lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic endothelial lipase (HL)] was studied in rats. Male rats were fed for 4 wk purified diets containing equlenergetic, amounts of either coconut oil (group A), coconut oil:fish oil, 50:50 (group B) or fish oil (group C). Whole plasma triacylglycerol, cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations were appreciably lower in group C than in group A, mainly due to a fall in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and subgroup 2 of high density lipoprotein (HDL₂), with less consistent changes in LDL and HDL₃. VLDL components of group B were also considerably lower than corresponding ones in group A. LPL and HL activities were about 50% lower in groups B and C than in group A. Increased hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol concentrations were observed in groups B and C. It is suggested that the decrease in LPL and HL activity of fish oil—fed rats may be an adaptive response to the low concentration of the substrate (triacylglycerols) for these enzymes.

KEY WORDS: • lipoproteins • lipases • fish oil • coconut oil

¹ This work was supported by Peter Møller A/S, Oslo.

Manuscript received 15 July 1986. Revision accepted 26 January 1987.

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