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Beneficial Effect of Wheat Germ on Circulating Lipoproteins and Tissue Lipids in Rats Fed a High Fat, Cholesterol-Containing Diet

Unité 130-INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), 13009 Marseille, France ^* UA 644 CNRS, Institut de Physiologie, Université Paul Sabatier, 31400 Toulouse, France

Adult male rats were fed for 7 wk either a low fat diet (3% fat) or a high fat-cholesterol diet (20% fat, 0.5% cholesterol) containing 7% wheat germ or not. Body weights and food intakes were unchanged by adding wheat germ to the control low fat or high fat diets. Adding wheat germ to the high fat-cholesterol diet significantly increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the HDL-serum cholesterol ratio and lowered the very low density liproprotein (VLDL) triglycerides. Thus the lipoprotein pattern was comparable to that obtained with the low fat diet, but the VLDL lipid composition remained altered. At the same time, triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation in the liver and the triglyceride content in skin were significantly decreased. When wheat germ was added to the low fat diet, cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly modified. No adaptative change in lipase and colipase contents was observed in the pancreas of rats fed the wheat germ-supplemented diets, whereas the high fat diet increased these values. The results show a beneficial effect of wheat germ added to a high fat-cholesterol diet on the lipid status of rats; the implicated mechanisms are yet to be elucidated.

KEY WORDS: • wheat germ • lipoproteins • tissue • cholesterol • triglycerides • pancreas

Manuscript received 29 May 1986. Revision accepted 5 January 1987.

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