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The Effect of Progressive Selenium Deficiency on Anti-Glutathione Peroxidase Antibody Reactive Protein in Rat Liver^1,2,

Department of Nutrition and Food Science and the Graduate Group on Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721

Liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, EC 1.11.1.9) activity decreases when weanling rats are fed a Se-deficient diet. To determine the effect of dietary Se deficiency on the concentration of the protein portion of GSH-Px, weanling rats were fed a Se-deficient (< 0.02 ppm Se) or a Se-supplemented (0.2 ppm Se as Na₂SeO₃) 30% torula yeast-based diet and killed 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28 d later. GSH-Px activity was assayed using H₂O₂, so only the Se-dependent GSH-Px was measured. Anti-GSH-Px antibodies, produced in a rabbit by three injections of purified rat liver GSH-Px, were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for GSH-Px protein. Immunoblotting showed that the antibodies were highly specific for GSH-Px. In Sesupplemented rats, liver GSH-Px activity increased 66% and GSH-Px protein increased 50% over the 28 d. In Se-deficient rats, liver GSH-Px activity decreased exponentially to zero with a half-life of 2.8 d. Liver GSH-Px protein also decreased exponentially, but with a longer half-life of 5.2 d (P < 0.001), and the anti-GSH-Px antibody-reactive protein did not decrease to zero. This experiment shows that both GSH-Px activity and GSH-Px protein decrease exponentially during progressive dietary Se deficiency. The longer half-life of GSH-Px protein compared with GSH-Px activity suggests that an inactive GSH-Px polypeptide is present in rat liver during the early stages of Se deficiency.

KEY WORDS: • GSH-Px • selenium • antibodies • rat liver

¹ This research was supported in part by the University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station and by grants from the American Heart Association (Arizona Affiliate), the National Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (AM-32942) and the Biomedical Research Support Grant Program (507-PRO7002).

² A preliminary report of these experiments was presented at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, St. Louis, MO, April 13–18. KNIGHT, S. A., EVENSON, J. K. & SUNDE, R. A. (1986) Effect of selenium deficiency on anti-glutathione peroxidase-antibody reactive protein in rat liver. Fed. Proc. 45: 371 (abs.).

Manuscript received 9 September 1986. Revision accepted 20 November 1986.