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Effect of Repeated Reproductive Cycles on Maternal Nutritional Status, Lactational Performance and Litter Growth in Ad Libitum-Fed and Chronically Food-Restricted Rats^1,2,

Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

To evaluate the combined effects of repeated, closely spaced reproductive cycles and dietary intake on maternal nutritional status, lactational performance and litter growth, rats were fed ad libitum or 75 or 60% of ad libitum intake. Dietary treatment began 28 d before breeding and continued until d 14 of the first (L1) or second (L2) lactation. Body weight and carcass fat concentration of dams and their litters were affected in the 75% group; milk yield, milk protein and lactose concentrations and energy content were affected only in the 60% group. Dams and their litters were heavier, had more total carcass protein and higher plasma albumin values in L2 than L1. There was no effect of reproductive period on milk yield or composition. These results indicate that repeated reproductive cycles did not compromise maternal nutritional status, lactational performance or litter growth. Improved outcomes in L2 among the restricted rats appeared to result from gains during the interval between reproductive periods and early in the second pregnancy.

KEY WORDS: • parity • birth order • malnutrition • lactation • rats • milk composition • milk yield

¹ This research was supported by a New Investigator Research Award to K. M. Rasmussen from the National Institutes of Health (HD-14953).

² Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Anaheim, CA, April 1985 [Fischbeck, K. L. & Rasmussen, K. M. (1985) Repeated reproductive cycles in chronically underfed rats fail to compromise lactational performance, body composition, and pup growth. Fed. Proc. 44: 1854 (abs. 8426)].

Manuscript received 20 October 1986. Revision accepted 29 July 1987.

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