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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 117 No. 1 January 1987, pp. 70-76
Copyright © 1987 by American Society for Nutrition
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Potentiation of Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Vitamin A Depletion by Phenobarbital and Butylated Hydroxytoluene1 ,2

M.A. Leo, N. Lowe and C.S. Lieber

Alcohol Research and Treatment Center and Section of Liver Disease and Nutrition, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. and Mt. Sinai School of Medicine (CUNY), New York, NY 10468

Administration of ethanol, phenobarbital or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) each resulted in significantly lower hepatic vitamin A than in untreated controls. When ethanol was combined with either phenobarbital or BHT, a striking potentiation of the depletion was observed, resulting in hepatic vitamin A values of less than 5% of normal, whether expressed per gram of liver or per 100 g body wt. These effects were observed for both retinol and retinyl esters, measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. By contrast, lung levels of retinol and retinyl esters were significantly higher in rats treated with ethanol, but remained unchanged in rats treated with phenobarbital or butylated hydroxytoluene compared with control animals.

KEY WORDS: • retinoids • ethanol • phenobarbital • butylated hydroxytoluene administration

1 This study was supported, in part, by DHHS Grants AM-32810, AA-03508, AA-05934 and the Veterans Administration.

2 Presented, in part, at the Annual Meetings of the Association of American Physicians, Washington DC, May 1985 (Leo, M. A. and Lieber, C. S. Clin. Res. 33: 598, 1985) and the Research Society on Alcoholism, Charleston, SC, May 1985 (Leo, M. A., Lowe, N., Lieber, C. S. Alcoholism: Clin. Exp. Res. 9: 199, 1985).

Manuscript received 3 April 1986. Revision accepted 18 August 1986.






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