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Influence of Diet Composition on Intake and Utilization of Protein and Energy in Diabetic and Control Rats^1,2,3,

Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602

Influence of diet composition on intakes of protein (PI) and metabolizable energy (MEI) of male Sprague-Dawley diabetic and control rats was studied to identify diet compositions appropriate for either weight maintenance or growth. Twenty-five diets containing varying proportions of gross energy derived from protein (%P), fat (%F) and carbohydrate (%C) were fed ad libitum to diabetic and control rats for 21 d. Regardless of diet composition, diabetic rats had greater PI and MEI than their corresponding controls. MEI of both diabetic and control rats were affected by an increase in %P, while that of the control rats, only by an increase in %F. When compared to the controls, diabetic rats lost less body weight at 2.25 %P, gained less at 11.1, 22.2 or 33.3 %P, and did not differ at 5.5 %P, the level at which both groups nearly maintained their body weights. Protein and energetic efficiency for diabetic and control rats were maximal at 11.1 %P. This study showed that, for adult diabetic and control rats, 5.5 %P was adequate for maintenance. For growth, 11.1 %P was optimal for diabetic rats compared with 22.2 %P for the controls. For both the groups, 22.2 %F or lower was preferable.

KEY WORDS: • diet composition • experimental diabetes • energy intake • protein utilization

¹ Supported by Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station Project #H732.

² The data were taken from a dissertation submitted by Susheela Krishnamachar to the Graduate School of the University of Georgia in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Foods and Nutrition.

³ Presented in part at Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, St. Louis, MO, April, 1984. Krishnamachar, S. and Canolty, Nancy L. (1984) Influence of diet composition on hyperphagia in diabetic rats. Fed. Proc. 43, 618 (abs. 1947).

⁴ To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

Manuscript received 14 May 1985. Revision accepted 30 October 1985.

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