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Apparent Small Intestinal Absorption of Nitrogen and Minerals from Soy and Meat-Protein-Based Diets. A Study on Human Ileostomy Subjects¹

Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden

The apparent absorption of nitrogen and minerals was studied in 8 ileostomy subjects. Four different test diets containing 60 g of meat, rice and bread protein, or a 25% replacement of the protein with soy flour, soy concentrate or soy isolate, were randomly assigned to the subjects in 2-d periods. All animal protein was replaced by soy isolate for a fifth 2-d period in two of the subjects. Ileostomy contents were collected in 2-h intervals during the day and in one portion during night and immediately deep-frozen. The fiber components and the phytic acid in the diet were almost completely recovered in the ileostomy contents, whereas unabsorbed starch was less than 2% of the intake. A significantly lower protein digestibility was observed when the diets containing soy protein were fed. No difference in protein digestibility was found between the different soy protein products. A 25% replacement by soy protein had no obvious effect on apparent mineral absorption. A low protein digestibility was also observed when soy was the main source of protein, and a negative apparent absorption of zinc was found in both subjects. Although 25% of soy protein in the diet does not seem to impair mineral absorption significantly, small intestinal net absorption of nitrogen is less from the soy diets than from the meat diet.

KEY WORDS: • apparent absorption • soy protein • nitrogen • minerals • starch absorption • phytic acid • ileostomy subjects

¹ This work was supported by the National Swedish Board for Technical Development.

Manuscript received 3 December 1985. Revision accepted 7 June 1986.