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The Interaction of Dietary Vitamin A and Vitamin D Related to Skeletal Development in the Turkey Poult^1,2,

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology ^* Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108

Large white male turkey poults were fed diets with different levels of vitamins A and D to study the interaction of these vitamins with regard to skeletal development. Poults fed a basal diet deficient in both vitamins A and D developed severe lameness, growth depression, mortality and lesions consistent with rickets. Birds fed a diet containing the required level of viatmin D (900 ICU/kg, NRC estimated requirement) and a high level of vitamin A (400,000 IU/kg) also developed severe lameness, growth depression and a rachiticlike condition, characterized by thicker than normal proximal tibial epiphyseal plates and lower than normal bone mineral content. When fed a diet containing the required level of vitamin A (4,000 IU/kg, NRC estimated requirement) and a high level of vitamin D (900,000 ICU/kg), poults developed hypervitaminosis D as evidenced by mild growth depression and renal tubular mineralization. When poults were fed a diet containing high levels of both vitamins A and D growth rate and bone mineral content were similar to control poults fed a diet containing the required levels of vitamins A and D. In addition, lameness and renal tubular mineralization were not apparent in the poults fed a diet containing high levels of both vitamins A and D. It was concluded that there is an antagonistic interaction between vitamins A and D.

KEY WORDS: • vitamin A • vitamin D • hypervitaminosis D • rickets • interaction of vitamins A and D

¹ Published as Paper No. 14288 of the Scientific Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station on research conducted under Minnesota Experiment Station Project Nos. 63-46 and 63-58, supported by GAR and section 1433 funds. Also supported in part by the Minnesota Turkey Growers Association and donations from private industry.

² Presented in part at the 34th North Central Avian Disease Conference, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, June 15–16, 1983.

Manuscript received 3 January 1985. Revision accepted 3 April 1985.

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