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Oral -Tocopherol Supplements Decrease Plasma -Tocopherol Levels in Humans¹

Garry J. Handelman, Lawrence J. Machlin^*, Karlotta Fitch, John J. Weiter and Edward A. Dratz

Division of Natural Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 ^* Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110 The Retina Foundation, The Eye Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114

In a cross-sectional survey of 86 elderly persons, it was observed that subjects with elevated plasma -tocopherol levels had depressed plasma -tocopherol. Tocopherols were measured by both reverse-phase and normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). When eight human volunteers (age range 30–60) were given 1200 IU of all-rac--tocopherol daily for 8 wk, plasma -tocopherol and ß-tocopherol decreased in all subjects. After supplementation, -tocopherol values were typically 30–50% of initial values, and -tocopherol values were typically 200–400% of initial values. These results suggest that intestinal uptake and/or plasma transport make more efficient use of -tocopherol than of - or ß-tocopherol. Moreover, the results indicate that the ratio of - to -tocopherol in plasma would be a more satisfactory index to measure compliance in trials involving supplementation with -tocopherol.

KEY WORDS: • -tocopherol • -tocopherol • nutrient interaction • dietary supplements • HPLC

¹ Support for the work at Santa Cruz was given by Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Equipment support was provided by the Children's Brain Disease Research Foundation and the National Eye Institute, U.S. Public Health Service (Grant No. R01-EY01521 to E. A. D.).

Manuscript received 17 October 1984. Revision accepted 5 March 1985.

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